鉆孔灌注樁施工工藝流程是怎樣的?銳昊建筑下面給大家說說：

基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支(zhi)護是(shi)為保(bao)證地下結構施(shi)(shi)工(gong)及基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)周邊環境(jing)的(de)(de)安全，對基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)側壁及周邊環境(jing)采用(yong)的(de)(de)支(zhi)擋、加固與(yu)保(bao)護措施(shi)(shi)，而鉆孔(kong)灌注樁是(shi)基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)支(zhi)護經(jing)常使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)方(fang)法之一。下面詳(xiang)細(xi)說下施(shi)(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝流(liu)程：

1 測(ce)量放(fang)(fang)線，準備工(gong)作(zuo)面。鉆孔灌注(zhu)樁施工(gong)前首先須清出(chu)工(gong)作(zuo)面，并(bing)測(ce)量放(fang)(fang)出(chu)樁位。樁位偏(pian)差不得超過規范及設計(ji)的要求(qiu)。

2 埋設護筒(tong)，一般情況(kuang)埋置深度宜(yi)為2～4M，特(te)殊情況(kuang)應(ying)加(jia)深以保證鉆孔(kong)和灌注混凝土的順(shun)利進行。護筒(tong)內徑(jing)宜(yi)比樁徑(jing)大(da)(da)20～40cm。護筒(tong)中心豎直線應(ying)與樁中心線重(zhong)合(he)，除設計另(ling)有規(gui)定外(wai)，平面允許誤差為50MM，豎直線傾斜不大(da)(da)于1%。

3 樁(zhuang)機(ji)就位(wei)。鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)就位(wei)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)采取(qu)措施保(bao)證(zheng)鉆(zhan)(zhan)具中心和(he)樁(zhuang)位(wei)中心重合，其偏差不應(ying)(ying)大于20mm。鉆(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)就位(wei)后應(ying)(ying)平(ping)整穩(wen)固，并采取(qu)措施固定，保(bao)證(zheng)在鉆(zhan)(zhan)進過程中不產生(sheng)位(wei)移和(he)搖晃，否(fou)則應(ying)(ying)及時(shi)處理。

4 拌制護壁(bi)(bi)泥漿(jiang)(jiang)，成(cheng)孔，同(tong)時(shi)開始(shi)制作鋼筋籠。護壁(bi)(bi)泥漿(jiang)(jiang)由(you)水、黏土（或(huo)膨潤土）按(an)一(yi)定比(bi)例配制而(er)成(cheng)，可(ke)通過機(ji)械在泥漿(jiang)(jiang)池、鉆孔中(zhong)攪拌均勻。泥漿(jiang)(jiang)比(bi)重(zhong)控制在1.15～1.20，用比(bi)重(zhong)計測量。開鉆時(shi)，在一(yi)定范圍內(nei)應慢速鉆進，待導向部位或(huo)鉆頭全部進入土層后(hou)，方可(ke)加速鉆進。鋼筋籠的尺(chi)寸偏差尚應滿足設計與規范的要求(qiu)。

5 清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分(fen)兩次進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深度達到設計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，對孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)垂直(zhi)度等進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)查，符(fu)合要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)后進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)一次清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)；鋼(gang)筋骨架、導管安放完畢，混(hun)凝土(tu)澆筑(zhu)之前，應(ying)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)第(di)二次清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。第(di)一次清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)根(gen)據設計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)，施工機械采(cai)用換(huan)漿方(fang)(fang)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，第(di)二次清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)根(gen)據孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深、設計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)采(cai)用正(zheng)循(xun)環方(fang)(fang)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。不允許采(cai)取加(jia)深鉆(zhan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)深度的(de)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)代替清孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。

6 鋼(gang)(gang)筋骨架(jia)安(an)放(fang)(fang)。搬運(yun)和吊裝(zhuang)時(shi)，應防止(zhi)變形，安(an)放(fang)(fang)要對準孔(kong)位(wei)，避免(mian)碰撞孔(kong)壁(bi)，就位(wei)后應立即固(gu)定。鋼(gang)(gang)筋骨架(jia)吊放(fang)(fang)入(ru)孔(kong)時(shi)應居(ju)中，防止(zhi)碰撞孔(kong)壁(bi)，鋼(gang)(gang)筋骨架(jia)吊放(fang)(fang)入(ru)孔(kong)后，應采用鋼(gang)(gang)絲繩或鋼(gang)(gang)筋固(gu)定，使(shi)其位(wei)置(zhi)符(fu)合(he)設計及規(gui)范要求，并保證在(zai)安(an)放(fang)(fang)導管、清(qing)孔(kong)及灌注(zhu)混凝土過程(cheng)中不發生位(wei)移。

7 調放導管(guan)，灌注水下(xia)(xia)混凝土(tu)。灌注水下(xia)(xia)混凝土(tu)采用鋼制導管(guan)回頂法(fa)施工(gong)，導管(guan)接口之間采用絲扣或(huo)法(fa)蘭連接，連接時(shi)必須(xu)加(jia)墊密(mi)封(feng)圈或(huo)橡膠墊，并(bing)上(shang)緊絲扣或(huo)螺栓。水下(xia)(xia)混凝土(tu)必須(xu)具備良好的和易性，坍落度(du)宜為180～220mm。