首先(xian)，市(shi)政工程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)的建設成(cheng)本管理存(cun)在問題。 目(mu)(mu)前，湖北銳昊建筑(zhu)市(shi)政工程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)的造價分析主要是對市(shi)政工程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)竣工后的成(cheng)本報告進行(xing)分析。 這只(zhi)是一個簡(jian)單的數字清單，只(zhi)能(neng)反映項目(mu)(mu)的完(wan)成(cheng)情況和項目(mu)(mu)成(cheng)本計劃的執行(xing)情況，而不(bu)能(neng)深(shen)入。

二，市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工程項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)缺(que)(que)乏(fa)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)概念。 目(mu)前，在我(wo)國市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工程建設(she)過(guo)程中，項目(mu)經理(li)(li)普(pu)遍缺(que)(que)乏(fa)對(dui)市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工程造(zao)價管(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)認(ren)識，無法(fa)充(chong)分(fen)管(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)控制(zhi)(zhi)市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工程建設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。 管(guan)理(li)(li)層通常(chang)只能在項目(mu)完成(cheng)(cheng)后管(guan)理(li)(li)建筑成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)核算。 在市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)建設(she)過(guo)程中，沒有(you)人對(dui)每個環節的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)管(guan)理(li)(li)給予(yu)足夠的(de)(de)(de)重視。 同時，許多人管(guan)理(li)(li)和(he)控制(zhi)(zhi)市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。 認(ren)識不(bu)足，認(ren)為成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)(zhi)屬于財務部門(men)(men)和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)部門(men)(men)。 實際上，市(shi)(shi)政(zheng)項目(mu)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)包括(kuo)項目(mu)建設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，質(zhi)量成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，投標(biao)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)和(he)保(bao)修(xiu)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。

同時(shi)，許多市(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)筑公司的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產思路也(ye)需要改(gai)變。 目(mu)(mu)前，許多市(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設公司仍由(you)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師(shi)負責(ze)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設進度，而項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)和技術由(you)技術人員負責(ze)。項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)材料的(de)(de)(de)采(cai)購是采(cai)購人員的(de)(de)(de)責(ze)任。 盡管這(zhe)種分工(gong)相對明確，但是對于(yu)整(zheng)個市(shi)政(zheng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)而言(yan)，它缺乏完(wan)整(zheng)性。 在實際施工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，無(wu)法進行項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設期成(cheng)(cheng)本，質量(liang)成(cheng)(cheng)本和安(an)全(quan)(quan)成(cheng)(cheng)本。 綜(zong)合考慮，即使由(you)于(yu)匆忙的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)，正常的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)順序(xu)也(ye)被打亂(luan)，這(zhe)增(zeng)加了市(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設成(cheng)(cheng)本，有時(shi)甚至以(yi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)和安(an)全(quan)(quan)為代(dai)價。

三，市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)造價管(guan)理(li)體系(xi)不健全。 未能在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)中有(you)效地結合所(suo)有(you)努力(li)，義務，責(ze)任(ren)和利(li)益，使得市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)責(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)不完善。 在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)中，政(zheng)府是市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)投資方，市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)經理(li)是建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)企業。 這使得在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中易于(yu)承擔職責(ze)不清的(de)(de)問題。 同時，在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中缺乏責(ze)任(ren)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)監控(kong)系(xi)統(tong)并未明確規定各(ge)部門員工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)中的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)責(ze)任(ren)，并且缺乏評估機制(zhi)。 項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)管(guan)理(li)與控(kong)制(zhi)； 市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)缺乏必要的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)決策系(xi)統(tong)。 目(mu)(mu)(mu)前，在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，對項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)前期分析(xi)不足，缺乏大量(liang)的(de)(de)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)可行(xing)性報告，可行(xing)性報告數據不準確，使得在(zai)(zai)(zai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)(mu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中難以控(kong)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)管(guan)理(li)。

四(si)，缺(que)(que)乏市政工(gong)程項(xiang)目建設(she)(she)成本管(guan)(guan)理(li)的激勵(li)機制(zhi)。 實際(ji)上(shang)，市政工(gong)程建設(she)(she)公(gong)司(si)更加注重生產(chan)經(jing)營人(ren)員(yuan)的激勵(li)，而忽略了工(gong)程造價(jia)管(guan)(guan)理(li)的激勵(li)，因為在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程中缺(que)(que)乏相(xiang)應的規(gui)章制(zhi)度，缺(que)(que)乏建設(she)(she)性的激勵(li)機制(zhi)。 有效(xiao)的成本管(guan)(guan)理(li)激勵(li)措施(shi)(shi)和激勵(li)措施(shi)(shi)。 這些措施(shi)(shi)使施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)的節約成本意識減弱，一旦出現問題，他們(men)甚至可能會(hui)推卸責任。

五，需要改進(jin)(jin)市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)建設過程中的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)管理方(fang)法和措施。 目(mu)前，在(zai)市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)建設和建設中，許多建筑公司在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行成本(ben)(ben)(ben)控制(zhi)時缺乏(fa)現代化的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)分析方(fang)法。 市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)核(he)算和控制(zhi)是膚(fu)淺(qian)且相對(dui)簡單的(de)(de)(de)，導(dao)致許多市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)。 管理和控制(zhi)是基于(yu)過去的(de)(de)(de)經驗，沒有充分考(kao)慮項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際情況(kuang)，施工條件(jian)，進(jin)(jin)度等，因此無法動(dong)態，科學地(di)分析成本(ben)(ben)(ben)管理，缺乏(fa)彈(dan)性會影響市政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)成本(ben)(ben)(ben)核(he)算。